It is not enough to know "your standard", you need to calculate it correctly, without getting lost in the variety of drinks, the fortress and the size of the glasses. So that people can monitor how much they drink in 1987 in the UK, introduced the concept of "unity" - an alcohol unit. This method of alcohol accounting was very convenient and was carried out in other countries of the world.
An unit of alcohol is 10 ml or 8 g of pure ethanol, which corresponds to approximately the volume of alcohol, which the body of an average adult can process in one hour. In theory, this means that by one hour in the blood of an adult, there will almost be no traces of alcohol, although individuals have the body's alcohol elimination rate may vary.
According to the above, there are allowed alcohol patterns, whose excess is dangerous to health. That:
- No more than 3-4 units of alcohol per day for men;
- No more than 2-3 units of alcohol per day for women.
It should be noted that this refers to average alcohol consumption in a few days, namely, the maximum allowed alcohol in one day.
At the same time, the number of strong drinks should not exceed one week:
- For women - 14 units;
- For men - 21 units.
If you drank an excessive amount of alcohol the day before, avoid alcohol in the next 48 hours.
From units to "drin"
The number of alcohol units in the drink depends on the fortress and the volume of the drunk. Then:
- A glass of wine (250 ml) from a 12% fortress contains about 3 units of alcohol;
- The 5% beer beer (1 l) (1 L) contains about 4 units of alcohol;
- A 40% vodka pile (25 ml) contains about 1 unit of alcohol.
Thus, the permitted daily norm, on average, is:
- a glass of wine at dinner;
- About half a liter of beer from a common fortress;
- 2-3 small piles of vodka.
For lovers of exotic alcoholic beverages and cocktails, the formula will be useful with which you can calculate the number of units in any volume of various drinks:
- Fortaleza (%) x Volume (mL) ÷ 1000 = alcohol units.
How to reduce alcohol damage?
Once in the body, alcohol is absorbed in the stomach and then with a blood flow of blood spreads through the body, easily penetrating all tissues and organs. The maximum concentration of blood alcohol is observed about an hour after its use, this is the time of stronger poisoning and euphoria. Then the alcohol enters the processing.
In the first stage, a water molecule moves away from ethanol and the forms of aldehyde vinegar. This is a poison for the body, the subsequent hangover and the intoxication are associated with it. In the second stage, aldehyde turns into acetic acid, which is not toxic and destroyed for carbon dioxide and energy water. Two enzymes are controlled by alcohol division processes: dehydrogenase (ADG) and acetalde -hiddehydeidrogenase (ALDG). The speed of your work is an innate genetic feature.
In a person with ADG and Aldg fast, alcohol in the body does not remain and the aldehyde quickly divides into harmless substances. This man is slowly drunk and does not suffer from a strong hangover. About people with slow enzymes, they say they don't know how to drink: they quickly reach the insane state, which is replaced by a severe hangover. But the worst of all those who have fast ADG and slow Aldg. These people have not been drunk for a long time, managing to drink more than the deposits, and the vinegar of vinegar quickly remained aldehyde in the body for a long time, having a harmful effect.
Consequently, intoxication force and subsequent poisoning generally depends only on the amount of drunk and heredity. However, there are tricks that allow you to lightly reduce alcohol damage. To do this, slow down the absorption of alcohol from the stomach or reduce the amount of alcohol "by collar".
- Spy alcohol (beer, champagne) cannot be mixed with strong drinks. Carbon dioxide of "magic bubbles" accelerates alcohol absorption and increases its concentration in the blood, so the severity of the hangover.
- Hot alcohol (punch, grog) and fortified wines need to be moderately drunk for the soul. Sugar and high temperature accelerate the flow of alcohol in the blood and in the formation of acetaldehyde.
- Before and during the banquet, you need to eat well, especially fatty foods. In this case, alcohol assimilation will be slowed and their damage is reduced to the very least possible. Alcohol with an empty stomach can lead not only to rapid intoxication, but also dangerous hypoglycemia.
- Stretch the time between the toast and drink a small volume of batteries and glasses to reduce the concentration of alcohol in the blood.
- Do not drink aspirin before and during a banquet. Acetylsalicylic acid decreases alcohol absorption, but causes ulcerative stomach damage and increases the risk of bleeding.
- Caffeine extends the period of activity on the table, but in combination with alcohol, it can lead to the development of hypertensive crisis and cardiac arrhythmia.
If you usually drink alcohol, it is useful to do a biochemical blood test 2-3 times a year and visit the therapist. To protect the liver and brain from the effects of alcohol, an intake of hepatoprotective courses and vitamin preparations are recommended as prescribed by a doctor.
Do I need to drink "for health"?
Contrary to widespread opinion, there is currently no convincing evidence that moderate amounts of alcohol benefit the heart and clean the vessels. There is also no evidence that any alcohol has advantages over others, in terms of influence on the cardiovascular system.
Therefore, you should not drink alcohol with a "therapeutic" goal of those who do not have this habit. The use of small and moderate doses of alcohol is not a prevention of cardiovascular disease.